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2023-07-07 
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Wilaya (Arabic:الولاية ) and its paronyms, literally meaning guardianship, are widely used in the Qur'an to mean administration and authority. Wilaya is sometimes an act by Allah, which is the same as monotheism and counts as a Divine Attribute. Such a wilaya, which is known as generative guardianship consisting in a causal relationship between the creator and creatures, is exclusively attributed to Allah. Wilaya is essential to Allah. Thus, wilaya of some prophets and Infallible Imams is a manifestation of Allah's wilaya.
Sometimes wilaya is legislative (tashri'i) and conventional, that is, making the laws of the created world. This type of wilaya is also exclusive to Allah.
Wilaya is sometimes a human action, in which case it is a legislative wilaya. This type of wilaya is discussed in jurisprudence, including wilaya (guardianship) over mahjur people (or wards) and wilaya on elites or wilaya al-faqih (guardianship of the jurist).
Shiite theologians believe that not all prophets had wilaya. According to Qur'anic verses, only some prophets, such as the Prophet Muhammad (s) and Abraham (a), had the position of wilaya. They also appeal to the principle of grace (Qa'ida al-Lutf) to show that Allah merely should introduce the "wali" (the person who has wilaya). The Principle implies that the wali be infallible and be introduced by another infallible person, such as a prophet.
Although in mysticism, wilaya counts as an internal aspect of the religion and a hidden treasure, some people maintain that any wayfarer of the mystical path can reach the position of wilaya after traveling the stages of the spiritual journey. Wilaya is the position of proximity to Allah that, according to some other people, is exclusive to the Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny) and Infallible Imams (peace be upon them).
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