VERBAL REPORT
المؤلف:
John Field
المصدر:
Psycholinguistics
الجزء والصفحة:
P317
2025-10-25
311
VERBAL REPORT
A widely used experimental method, which asks subjects to report on a linguistic process in which they are engaged. The data provided by subjects is often referred to as a protocol.
Verbal report may be concurrent, the reporting taking place when the subject is actually engaged in a task, or retrospective, where the reporting occurs immediately after the task. The choice is sometimes determined by the process under investigation (for example, it is virtually impossible for a subject to report concurrently on listening) or on the kind of data that a researcher wishes to obtain. Concurrent report provides clearer, and often more detailed, insights; however, the act of reporting may distort the natural process of (say) reading or writing. One solution is to ask subjects to pause at regular intervals and to report what is uppermost in their mind; another is to leave them free to report when they feel they have encountered a problem or a potential solution.
Although the method provides useful insights into on-line processing, it has some drawbacks. What is reported may vary considerably from subject to subject, according to the importance attached to different aspects of the process. Subjects tend to describe processes as rather more systematic than they actually are; while some subjects lack the necessary metalanguage to analyse their experience accurately.
See also: Research methods: experimental
Further reading: Ericsson and Simon (1993)
الاكثر قراءة في Linguistics fields
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