ANALOGY MODEL
المؤلف:
John Field
المصدر:
Psycholinguistics
الجزء والصفحة:
P11
2025-07-26
576
ANALOGY MODEL
A theory (Glushko, 1979) that English readers attribute pronunciations to unknown words by tracing analogies with known ones. This is because the opaque nature of the English spelling system means that many words cannot be identified by using simple grapheme phoneme correspondence (GPC) rules.
The most important area in a monosyllabic word appears to be the rime: the vowel plus final consonant(s). Evidence for an analogy effect comes from experiments where readers find it harder to pronounce a non-word such as VINT which has neighbours of varying pronunciations (PINT and MINT) than one such as TADE whose neighbours all rhyme (FADE, MADE, WADE).
Analogy is an important strategy in early reading. However, the extent to which young readers make use of it (as against whole word matches) appears to vary between individuals and may partly reflect the method of instruction. Furthermore, analogy cannot represent a complete alternative to GPC rules. Many multi-syllabic words do not have neighbours; and there are many monosyllabic non-words such as JOOV whose pronunciation is easy to infer but which cannot be matched to similar words. The analogy model has therefore been expanded to include parts of words: the pronuncia tion of JOOV might be determined by its resemblance to (GR)OOV(E).
See also: Dual route, Grapheme-phoneme correspondence rules, Neighbourhood, Reading: decoding, Reading development
Further reading: Goswami (1999); Rayner and Pollatsek (1989)
الاكثر قراءة في Linguistics fields
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