Grammar
Tenses
Present
Present Simple
Present Continuous
Present Perfect
Present Perfect Continuous
Past
Past Continuous
Past Perfect
Past Perfect Continuous
Past Simple
Future
Future Simple
Future Continuous
Future Perfect
Future Perfect Continuous
Passive and Active
Parts Of Speech
Nouns
Countable and uncountable nouns
Verbal nouns
Singular and Plural nouns
Proper nouns
Nouns gender
Nouns definition
Concrete nouns
Abstract nouns
Common nouns
Collective nouns
Definition Of Nouns
Verbs
Stative and dynamic verbs
Finite and nonfinite verbs
To be verbs
Transitive and intransitive verbs
Auxiliary verbs
Modal verbs
Regular and irregular verbs
Action verbs
Adverbs
Relative adverbs
Interrogative adverbs
Adverbs of time
Adverbs of place
Adverbs of reason
Adverbs of quantity
Adverbs of manner
Adverbs of frequency
Adverbs of affirmation
Adjectives
Quantitative adjective
Proper adjective
Possessive adjective
Numeral adjective
Interrogative adjective
Distributive adjective
Descriptive adjective
Demonstrative adjective
Pronouns
Subject pronoun
Relative pronoun
Reflexive pronoun
Reciprocal pronoun
Possessive pronoun
Personal pronoun
Interrogative pronoun
Indefinite pronoun
Emphatic pronoun
Distributive pronoun
Demonstrative pronoun
Pre Position
Preposition by function
Time preposition
Reason preposition
Possession preposition
Place preposition
Phrases preposition
Origin preposition
Measure preposition
Direction preposition
Contrast preposition
Agent preposition
Preposition by construction
Simple preposition
Phrase preposition
Double preposition
Compound preposition
Conjunctions
Subordinating conjunction
Correlative conjunction
Coordinating conjunction
Conjunctive adverbs
Interjections
Express calling interjection
Grammar Rules
Preference
Requests and offers
wishes
Be used to
Some and any
Could have done
Describing people
Giving advices
Possession
Comparative and superlative
Giving Reason
Making Suggestions
Apologizing
Forming questions
Since and for
Directions
Obligation
Adverbials
invitation
Articles
Imaginary condition
Zero conditional
First conditional
Second conditional
Third conditional
Reported speech
Linguistics
Phonetics
Phonology
Semantics
Pragmatics
Linguistics fields
Syntax
Morphology
Semantics
pragmatics
History
Writing
Grammar
Phonetics and Phonology
Reading Comprehension
Elementary
Intermediate
Advanced
The Starting Point/Opening Scene
المؤلف: BARBARA MINTO
المصدر: THE MINTO PYRAMID PRINCIPLE
الجزء والصفحة: 127-8
2024-09-17
254
Imagine yourself seated quietly in a darkened theatre. The curtain parts and immediately you see on stage a set depicting a specific place at a particular moment in time. That is the Starting Point or Opening Scene. Then something happens that launches the action of the drama. That is the Disturbing Event.
The same process applies in defining a problem. Only here the curtain opens and you see, at a specific point in space and time, the area of your own or your client's company or industry within which the problem originated. It will likely consist of a structure or a process that you can easily visualize.
You want to sketch the layout of what you see that constitutes the area you are discussing, assuming about the level of general knowledge of the normal reader of Fortune or Business Week. Or alternatively, pretend you are beginning to tell a friend the story of the problem. What would he or she have to be able to "see" to understand what you are talking about.
"Once upon a time there was a company that distributed household goods around the country from three warehouses ...”
He would naturally get an image of the three warehouses set up to distribute goods.
Or you might say:
"Our company consists of a number of independently run businesses, each of which engages in activities in which the new technology of image processing may be appropriate."
And he might get an image like this:
At the Opening Scene stage, you want to keep your visualization simple and your description short. You can expand the prose when you write the actual words of the introduction.