error (n.)

An application in LINGUISTICS of the general use of this term, referring to mistakes in spontaneous speaking or writing. Several types of psycholinguistic error have been recognized. ‘Speaker’s errors’, involving difficulties with the timing or sequence of commands, will lead to the addition, deletion or substitution of sounds and MORPHEMES – and are most noticeable in the phenomenon labelled ‘slips of the tongue’ (relabelled by some psycholinguists ‘slips of the brain’), and in the false starts, PAUSES, and other non-fluencies of everyday speech. ‘Hearer’s errors’ are particularly noticeable in language ACQUISITION, as when a child misanalyses an adult SENTENCE (e.g. A: He’s got his hat on. C: Where’s his hat on?), and in the history of language, where new forms have come from a reanalysis (or ‘metanalysis’) of older ones (e.g. a napron ⇒ an apron). The distinction between ‘errors’ of PRODUCTION and PERCEPTION is sometimes hard to draw, however – especially as often the only evidence for the latter is the former – and, generally, the term ‘error’ should be used with caution, especially in language acquisition studies, where it can be easily confused with the pedagogical notion of ‘error’ (in the context of essay-marking, etc.).

In language teaching and learning, error analysis is a technique for identifying, classifying and systematically interpreting the unacceptable forms produced by someone learning a foreign language, using any of the principles and procedures provided by LINGUISTICS. Errors are assumed to reflect, in a systematic way, the level of COMPETENCE achieved by a learner; they are contrasted with ‘mistakes’, which are PERFORMANCE limitations that a learner would be able to correct. A distinction is often drawn between errors which are noticed and corrected by the speaker, errors which the speaker can correct if prompted to do so, and errors which the speaker cannot correct because of a lack of linguistic knowledge.

اخر الاخبار

اخبار العتبة العباسية المقدسة

تزامنًا مع حلول شهر ربيع الأول.. العتبة العباسية المقدسة ترفع مظاهر الحزن والسواد في المرقد الطاهر

بعد انتهاء شهري المحرم وصفر.. قسم الصيانة يباشر إدامة الثريات واستبدال مصابيح المرقد الطاهر

قسم الشؤون الخدمية يشرع بإدامة آليّات النظافة عقب انتهاء زيارة الأربعين

موكب عزاء الشعراء والرواديد ينظم مسيرة عزائية في ختام شهري الأحزان المحرم الحرام وصفر

المزيد

الآخبار الصحية

العنب.. فاكهة صغيرة بمفعول "خارق" للقلب والدماغ

دراسة تحدد "الحلقة المفقودة".. تسبب ارتفاع ضغط الدم

هذه الأطعمة تحمي دماغك من الشيخوخة وتزيد حدة الذكاء

خبراء يحذرون من مخاطر "الدهون المخفية" على القلب

المزيد

الآخبار التكنلوجية

الأرصاد الجوية تلجأ إلى الذكاء الاصطناعي.. لأي غرض؟

في منزلك.. "تعديل بسيط" يخفض ضغط الدم بشكل طبيعي

"ميزة جديدة" من إنستغرام تنافس تيك توك.. طال انتظارها

غوغل في مأزق.. بيانات 2.5 مليار مستخدم بقبضة القراصنة

المزيد

مواضيع ذات صلة

Mirror in nominal morphology

Appendix 2: Hapax legomena from the Cobuild corpus

Appendix 1: 20th century neologisms from the OED

Morphological Productivity Structural Constraints in English Derivation Conclusion

Verbal derivation and the separation hypothesis

The separation hypothesis

Theoretical implications: Against the separation of form and meaning in morphology

Rival morphological processes 4: Where have all the rivals gone? Summary

Conversion vs. -ize, -ify and -ate

Rival morphological processes -ize vs. -ate

Rival morphological processes -ize vs. -ify

Rival morphological processes 4: Where have all the rivals gone?