Qualitative Estimates of Entropy Change
المؤلف:
University of Missouri System
المصدر:
Introductory chemistry
الجزء والصفحة:
.................
21-12-2020
1986
Qualitative Estimates of Entropy Change
We can estimate changes in entropy qualitatively for some simple processes using the definition of entropy discussed earlier and incorporating Boltzmann’s concept of microstates.
As a substance is heated, it gains kinetic energy, resulting in increased molecular motion and a broader distribution of molecular speeds. This increases the number of microstates possible for the system. Increasing the number of molecules in a system also increases the number of microstates, as now there are more possible arrangements of the molecules. As well, increasing the volume of a substance increases the number of positions where each molecule could be, which increases the number of microstates. Therefore, any change that results in a higher temperature, more molecules, or a larger volume yields an increase in entropy.
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