Organic Acids

Organic acids are characterized by the presence of a positively polarized  hydrogen atom (blue in electrostatic potential maps) and are of two main  kinds: acids such as methanol and acetic acid that contain a hydrogen atom bonded to an electronegative oxygen atom (O-H) and those such as acetone  that contain a hydrogen atom bonded to a carbon atom next to a  C=O bond (O=C-C-H).

Methanol contains an O-H bond and is a weak acid, while acetic acid also contains an O-H bond and is a somewhat stronger acid. In both cases, acidity is due to the fact that the conjugate base resulting from loss of H⁺ is stabilized by having its negative charge on a strongly electronegative oxygen atom. In addition, the conjugate base of acetic acid is stabilized by resonance.

The acidity of acetone and other compounds with C=O bonds is due to the fact that the conjugate base resulting from loss of H⁺ is stabilized by resonance. In addition, one of the resonance forms stabilizes the negative charge by placing it on an electronegative oxygen atom.

Electrostatic potential maps of the conjugate bases from methanol, acetic acid, and acetone are shown in FIGURE below As you might expect, all three show a substantial amount of negative charge (red) on oxygen.

مواضيع ذات صلة

مركبات الآزو متجانسة الحلقة Homocyclic azo compounds

تصنيف مركبات الآزو Classification of azo compound

أصباغ الآزو Azo Dye

تفاعلات الازدواج Reaction Coupling

أملاح الدايازونيوم الاروماتية      Aromtic Diazonium Salt    

أهمية الكواشف العضوية reagents Importance of organic

الثايوزبينات Thiazepines

الدايازبينات Diazepines

الاوكسازبينات Oxazepines

المركبات الحلقية غير المتجانسة Heterocyclic Compounds

نبذة عن مظاهر كيمياء الكلورامين-T الحيوية واهميته

بعض مظاهر كيمياء الكلورامين-T