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تسجيل

Toxicological screening , Antidepressants and antipsychotics

المؤلف:  Sue Jickells , Adam Negrusz (Editors)

المصدر:  Clarkes Analytical Forensic Toxicology

الجزء والصفحة:  231

2026-10-17

60

Toxicological screening

Antidepressants and antipsychotics

Antidepressants and antipsychotics comprise a diverse group of compounds that includes the tricyclic antidepressants and antipsychoticagents such as phenothiazines, thioxanthenes, butyrophenones, diphenylbutyl piperidines, benzamides and lithium. Other substances, mainly the newer ones, include the SSRIs, monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOs) and atypical antipsychotics such as clozapine and olanzapine. Tricyclic antidepressants remain an important cause of suicide, and serious poisoning can lead to cardiac disturbances, respiratory depression, metabolic acidosis, convulsions and coma. These are gradually being replaced by the less toxic SSRI compounds such as citalopram, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine and sertraline. These drugs are also used as drugs of abuse. However, the severity of the serotonergic syndrome and the risk of rhabdomyolysis and cardiac conductive failures are often underestimated.