Adapting Reciprocal Teaching to the Stages of Language Acquisition
المؤلف:
Jane D. Hill Kathleen M. Flynn
المصدر:
Classroom Instruction that works with English Language Learners
الجزء والصفحة:
P68-C7
2025-09-10
228
Adapting Reciprocal Teaching to the Stages of Language Acquisition
There are four steps to reciprocal teaching. Initially, a teacher can focus on one individual strategy at a time without adding another strategy to the repertoire until students are fairly proficient with the previous strategy. At the end of the teacher’s modeling, students should be able to perform all four steps for reciprocal teaching.
• Step 1: Generating questions. When teaching this step to ELLs, everyone needs to learn what types of questions match the different levels of language acquisition.
• Step 2: Summarizing. Keep the following tips in mind when teaching this skill to students at different levels of language acquisition.
◆ Preproduction. Students will need to have key vocabulary pointed out to them. The students who are summarizing should be expected to select three words they think everyone is familiar with and three words they think might be new. The old and new words need to be accompanied by a pictorial representation, or the student assuming the teaching role can act out the words.
◆ Early Production. Students will benefit from key vocabulary and by hearing correct English modeled. You need to inform students that their summaries need to be clear and understandable.
◆ Speech Emergence and Intermediate and Advanced Fluency. Students will better comprehend the passage they are reading by creating a clear, concise summary.
• Step 3: Clarifying. In addition to clarifying any new vocabulary, you will need to clarify idioms and figures of speech for ELLs.
• Step 4: Predicting. This skill activates background knowledge and helps students draw connections between new information and things they already know.
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