SUMMARIZING AND NOTE TAKING

Generalizations from Classroom Instruction That Works

Three generalizations can be gleaned from the research on summarizing in Classroom Instruction That Works.

1. To effectively summarize, students must keep, delete, and substitute information. To enable this process, students should be taught steps or an explicit set of rules that help them develop a summary. While teaching this process, you will need to accompany the steps with nonlinguistic representations, so that each step will hold meaning for Preproduction and Early Production students. Other students will benefit from the nonlinguistic representations as well.

2. To effectively keep, delete, and substitute information, students must analyze the information at a fairly deep level. You will have already adapted the keep-delete-substitute strategy for Preproduction and Early Production students when you substitute common, frequently used vocabulary terms for unknown vocabulary terms. To help Speech Emergence and Intermediate and Advanced Fluency students analyze information at a deeper level, point out what is important and what is not.

3. Being aware of the explicit structure of information is an aid when summarizing. Text is usually presented according to certain structures or patterns. Being able to understand and then locate these structures and patterns will greatly aid the summarization process.

Teaching text structure requires a fairly sophisticated lesson. You will need to expose Preproduction and Early Production students to explicit structures. In order to make text structures more understandable, you can offer visual examples of text patterns (graphic organizers) and use eye contact, body movements, pantomime, facial expressions, gestures, clear expression, and clear articulation when explaining. Speech Emergence and Intermediate and Advanced Fluency students will be able to use the text patterns to summarize.

اخر الاخبار

اخبار العتبة العباسية المقدسة

جمعية العميد تستعدّ لإطلاق النسخة الثانية من الملتقى العلمي الوطني للنخب الشبابية

مكتب المتولي الشرعي للشؤون النسوية ينظّم ورشة تدريبية في كتابة الخبر الصحفي

قسم الشؤون الفكرية يقيم ندوة ثقافية لعدد من صناع المحتوى الهادف في ذي قار

العتبة العباسية المقدسة: أجنحة معرض الكتاب لمهرجان رحمة للعالمين ستشهد مشاركة العتبات المقدسة والمراكز الفكرية

المزيد

الآخبار الصحية

تحذير من الإفراط في شربها.. متى تصبح الماتشا خطيرة؟

من بناء العضلات إلى "تسميم الجسم".. الوجه الآخر للبروتين ؟

دراسة جديدة: مخ الانسان يغتسل أثناء النوم

هل من الآمن شرب القهوة على معدة فارغة؟

المزيد

الآخبار التكنلوجية

مزايا مرآة الرؤية الخلفية ذاتية التعتيم في السيارات

دراسة.. كوكب غريب أمد الأرض بمقومات الحياة !

يهدد عرش هوليود.. أول فيلم رسوم متحركة بالذكاء الاصطناعي

أكبر تغيير منذ سنوات.. هل تكشف أبل النقاب عن "iPhone Air"؟

المزيد

مواضيع ذات صلة

SUMMARIZING AND NOTE TAKING Summarizing

SUMMARIZING AND NOTE TAKING

COOPERATIVE LEARNING Summary

COOPERATIVE LEARNING Classroom Example

COOPERATIVE LEARNING Classroom Recommendations

COOPERATIVE LEARNING Generalizations from Classroom Instruction That Works

COOPERATIVE LEARNING

CUES, QUESTIONS, AND ADVANCE ORGANIZERS Summary

CUES, QUESTIONS, AND ADVANCE ORGANIZERS Classroom Example

Classroom Recommendations

CUES, QUESTIONS, AND ADVANCE ORGANIZERS Generalizations from Classroom Instruction That Works

Advance Organizers