Grammar
Tenses
Present
Present Simple
Present Continuous
Present Perfect
Present Perfect Continuous
Past
Past Simple
Past Continuous
Past Perfect
Past Perfect Continuous
Future
Future Simple
Future Continuous
Future Perfect
Future Perfect Continuous
Parts Of Speech
Nouns
Countable and uncountable nouns
Verbal nouns
Singular and Plural nouns
Proper nouns
Nouns gender
Nouns definition
Concrete nouns
Abstract nouns
Common nouns
Collective nouns
Definition Of Nouns
Verbs
Stative and dynamic verbs
Finite and nonfinite verbs
To be verbs
Transitive and intransitive verbs
Auxiliary verbs
Modal verbs
Regular and irregular verbs
Action verbs
Adverbs
Relative adverbs
Interrogative adverbs
Adverbs of time
Adverbs of place
Adverbs of reason
Adverbs of quantity
Adverbs of manner
Adverbs of frequency
Adverbs of affirmation
Adjectives
Quantitative adjective
Proper adjective
Possessive adjective
Numeral adjective
Interrogative adjective
Distributive adjective
Descriptive adjective
Demonstrative adjective
Pronouns
Subject pronoun
Relative pronoun
Reflexive pronoun
Reciprocal pronoun
Possessive pronoun
Personal pronoun
Interrogative pronoun
Indefinite pronoun
Emphatic pronoun
Distributive pronoun
Demonstrative pronoun
Pre Position
Preposition by function
Time preposition
Reason preposition
Possession preposition
Place preposition
Phrases preposition
Origin preposition
Measure preposition
Direction preposition
Contrast preposition
Agent preposition
Preposition by construction
Simple preposition
Phrase preposition
Double preposition
Compound preposition
Conjunctions
Subordinating conjunction
Correlative conjunction
Coordinating conjunction
Conjunctive adverbs
Interjections
Express calling interjection
Grammar Rules
Passive and Active
Preference
Requests and offers
wishes
Be used to
Some and any
Could have done
Describing people
Giving advices
Possession
Comparative and superlative
Giving Reason
Making Suggestions
Apologizing
Forming questions
Since and for
Directions
Obligation
Adverbials
invitation
Articles
Imaginary condition
Zero conditional
First conditional
Second conditional
Third conditional
Reported speech
Linguistics
Phonetics
Phonology
Linguistics fields
Syntax
Morphology
Semantics
pragmatics
History
Writing
Grammar
Phonetics and Phonology
Semiotics
Reading Comprehension
Elementary
Intermediate
Advanced
Teaching Methods
Teaching Strategies
Assessment
Vowel sounds with restricted distribution
المؤلف:
Thaddeus Menang
المصدر:
A Handbook Of Varieties Of English Phonology
الجزء والصفحة:
913-51
2024-05-18
1092
+
-
20
Vowel sounds with restricted distribution
Some of the mergers and restructuring of vowels and diphthongs reported above are not generally found in the Kamtok of English-Kamtok bilinguals. The resurfacing of these sounds in regular Kamtok speech arises from the very close contact that exists between the two languages in the English-speaking provinces of Cameroon which are home to mainstream Kamtok. The presence of such sounds in Kamtok speech constitute a kind of linguistic interference, though some of the sounds have also been found in the Kamtok of those whose knowledge and use of English are not confirmed. Thus, the close contact that exists between English and Kamtok may be leaving more permanent marks on the latter. On the one hand, diphthong-like combinations of vowels such as /ai/, /ɔi/ , /au/ and /ia/ are seen to occur in the same word positions as the English diphthongs /aɪ/ , /ɔɪ/ , /aʊ/ and /iə/ respectively:
On the other hand, the Kamtok vowel /e/ is being “split” to produce /ε/ and /ə/ which had earlier been merged to produce it. Hence, instead of having a word like /bet/ stand for both English bed and bird, some Kamtok users regularly distinguish between /bεd/ and /bəd/, leaving the vowel /e/ to occur mostly in place of English /eɪ/. These trends certainly deserve more attention from future researchers.
الاكثر قراءة في Phonology
اخر الاخبار
اخبار العتبة العباسية المقدسة
الآخبار الصحية
مواضيع ذات صلة
"المهمة".. إصدار قصصي يوثّق القصص الفائزة في مسابقة فتوى الدفاع المقدسة للقصة القصيرة
(نوافذ).. إصدار أدبي يوثق القصص الفائزة في مسابقة الإمام العسكري (عليه السلام)
قسم الشؤون الفكرية يصدر مجموعة قصصية بعنوان (قلوب بلا مأوى)
