Baire Category Theorem
المؤلف:
Rudin, W
المصدر:
Functional Analysis. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1991.
الجزء والصفحة:
...
29-6-2021
2298
Baire Category Theorem
Baire's category theorem, also known as Baire's theorem and the category theorem, is a result in analysis and set theory which roughly states that in certain spaces, the intersection of any countable collection of "large" sets remains "large." The appearance of "category" in the name refers to the interplay of the theorem with the notions of sets of first and second category.
Precisely stated, the theorem says that if a space 
is either a complete metric space or a locally compact T2-space, then the intersection of every countable collection of dense open subsets of 
is necessarily dense in 
.
The above-mentioned interplay with first and second category sets can be summarized by a single corollary, namely that spaces 
that are either complete metric spaces or locally compact Hausdorff spaces are of second category in themselves. To see that this follows from the above-stated theorem, let 
be either a complete metric space or a locally compact Hausdorff space and note that if ![<span style=]()
{E_i}={E_i}_(i in N)" src="https://mathworld.wolfram.com/images/equations/BaireCategoryTheorem/Inline6.gif" style="height:17px; width:80px" /> is a countable collection of nowhere dense subsets of 
and if 
denotes the complement in 
of the closure 
of 
, then each set 
is necessarily dense in 
. Because of the theorem, it follows that the intersection of all the sets 
must be nonempty (and indeed must be dense in 
), thereby proving that 
cannot be written as the union of the sets 
. In particular, such spaces 
cannot be written as the countable union of sets which are nowhere dense in themselves and are therefore second category sets relative to themselves.
REFERENCES:
Rudin, W. Functional Analysis. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1991.
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