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APPLIED LINGUISTICS for BA Students in English GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURES

المؤلف:  BÖLCSÉSZ KONZORCIUM

المصدر:  APPLIED LINGUISTICS for BA Students in English

الجزء والصفحة:  P74-C1

2026-10-12

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APPLIED LINGUISTICS for BA Students in English

GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURES

In communicative language teaching the content or the message is always more important than the form or structure. The presentation of a structure must always be done in meaningful context. Structures must not be presented in themselves only according to their forms. When choosing the structure the teachers must take the following criteria into consideration: the target structure should fit in the forty-five minutes (it is impossible to teach the various ways of presenting ‘future’ in one lesson), both form and meaning should be clear and fit the students’ level. Teachers are not to teach the various uses of one tense in a lesson because they will confuse students. One use of a tense should be made clear in a situation and this clarification should be done in context. Various charts are useful but the first introductions of a new structure must always be done in a situation. First teachers have to introduce the meaning and use of the structure. It is not enough for the teacher to explain what a new language structure means (e.g. the past form of the verb) students also need to get an idea of how the new language is used by native speakers (e.g. the past form of the verb is used in situation when we talk about what happened at a certain point of time). The best way to explain usage is to present language in context. The characteristics of a good context are the following:

1. Students should understand the new language from the context.

2. It should be interesting for students (a good presentation is memorable for the students).

3. The context should provide a background for the use of language e.g. it should not only provide a model sentence but also opportunity for students to make their own sentences (e.g. students are supposed to speak about their adventures in the past, this way personalization can take place).

4. The teachers need to show how the new language structure is formed and how it works. It can be done in the form of a presentation using grammatical terminology. At lower levels it might be very difficult for students unless it is done through a lot of examples and perhaps through translation. At lower levels grammatical information may be given in a simpler way using example sentences to use grammatical patterns or by making a chart.