The viruses of this genus, which have been studied most thoroughly by molecular biologists, are not known to cause human disease.

Classification and Antigenic Properties

 Reoviruses are ubiquitous, with a very wide range of mammalian, avian, and reptilian hosts. Three distinct but related types of reovirus have been recovered from many species and are demonstrable by neutralization and hemagglutination inhibition tests. Reoviruses contain a hemagglutinin for human group O or bovine erythrocytes.

Epidemiology

Reoviruses cause many inapparent infections because most people have serum antibodies by early adulthood. Antibodies are also present in other species. All three types have been recovered from healthy children, from young children during outbreaks of minor febrile illness, from children with enteritis or mild respiratory disease, and from chimpanzees with epidemic rhinitis.

Human volunteer studies have failed to demonstrate a clear cause-and-effect relationship of reoviruses to human illness. In inoculated volunteers, reovirus is recovered far more readily from feces than from the nose or throat.

Pathogenesis

Reoviruses have become important model systems for the study of the pathogenesis of viral infection at the molecular level. Defined recombinants from two reoviruses with differing pathogenic phenotypes are used to infect mice. Segregation analysis is then used to associate particular features of pathogenesis with specific viral genes and gene products. The pathogenic properties of reoviruses are primarily determined by the protein species found on the outer capsid of the virion.

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مواضيع ذات صلة

HIV Infections in Humans: Laboratory Diagnosis

HIV Infections in Humans :Clinical Findings

HIV Infections in Humans : Pathogenesis and Pathology

Animal Lentivirus Systems

Classification of Lentiviruses

Viral DNA Is Integrated into the Host-Cell Genome in Some Nonlytic Viral Growth Cycles

Lytic Viral Growth Cycles Lead to Death of Host Cells

Viral Capsids Are Regular Arrays of One or a Few Types of Protein

Structure and Composition of Lentiviruses

HERPESVIRUSES

POLYOMAVIRUSES

Human T-Lymphotropic Viruses