Type of test Ultrasound
Normal findings
Normal size, shape, and position of the thyroid gland
Test explanation and related physiology
Ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland is valuable for distinguishing cystic from solid thyroid nodules. If the nodule is found to be purely cystic (fluid filled), the fluid can simply be aspirated and surgery avoided. If the nodule has a mixed or solid appearance, however, a tumor may be present, and FNA surgery may be required. This study may be repeated at intervals to determine the response of a thyroid mass to medical therapy.
Procedure and patient care
Before
* Explain the procedure to the patient.
* Tell the patient that breathing or swallowing will not be affected by the placement of a transducer on the neck.
* Inform the patient that a lubricant will be applied to the neck to ensure effective transmission of sound waves.
* Tell the patient that no fasting or sedation is required.
During
• Note the following procedural steps:
1. The patient is taken to the ultrasonography department and placed in the supine position with the neck hyperextended.
2. Gel is applied to the patient’s neck.
3. A sound transducer is passed over the nodule.
4. Photographs are taken of the image displayed.
• A technologist usually performs this study in about 15 minutes and a radiologist evaluates the results.
* Tell the patient that no discomfort is associated with this study.
After
• Assist the patient in removing the lubricant from the neck.
Abnormal findings
- Cyst
- Tumor
- Thyroid adenoma
- Thyroid carcinoma
- Goiter
