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Signifier and signified
المؤلف:
Bronwen Martin and Felizitas Ringham
المصدر:
Dictionary of Semiotics
الجزء والصفحة:
P123
2025-07-02
41
Signifier and signified
According to Saussure, words are not symbols corresponding to referents but signs made up of two components: a mark or signifier and a concept or signified. Things themselves, therefore, play no part in the language system. The significance of words is based solely on a system of relationships.
Signifier and signified represent the two fundamental levels of language. The term signifier refers principally to the concrete world of sound and vision. The term signified, on the other hand, relates to the concept or idea expressed by the sound or icon. The relationship of the signifier to the signified has been described by Saussure as that between the front and back of a piece of paper. In other words, the two levels of language are in a relationship of reciprocal presupposition; form and content cannot be disassociated. The word (linguistic sign) 'tree', to give an example, is made up of a sound or written mark (signifier) and also of the idea or concept of a tree (signified).
See also expression and content.
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