Nasalization

Any discussion of the vowels of NigP would be incomplete without reference to nasalization. Vowels and nasalization are tied together in NigP; it is with vowels that we find nasalization without an adjacent nasal consonant to account for it, as we see in  ‘yes’ and  ‘corn, maize’, and in sentence (3):

 

Examples such as these raise the question of how to account for nasalization in NigP. We may assume (as did Elugbe and Omamor 1991) that every case of nasalization arises from the presence of an underlying nasal. Such a position would be amply supported by the forms of ‘corn’ cited above. Even  in (3) can be traced to an underlying nasal:   contains a common alternative for , viz. [him]. This analysis also allows us to record nasalization as <n> immediately after the nasalized vowel. The orthographic form of (3) is therefore na in du am.

There are cases in which vowel nasalization affects a preceding consonant:

These examples suggest that [ɲ] and [ŋ^w] are not phonemic and exist only at the systematic phonetic level. Their nasalized approximant alternatives show that there is a general rule by which approximants become nasal (in the case of /j/ and /w/) or nasalized counterparts in the environment of nasalized vowels.

 

Elugbe and Omamor (1991) claim that /l/ is nasalized before nasalized vowels, but they provide no examples. However, it is a legitimate issue to examine. In examples such as /lεnd/, lend it is probably the case that the surface form is  , , with no nasalization of the [l], or , with nasalization of the lateral. In other words, the approximant nasalization rule affects both lateral and central approximants except that unlike in Yoruba and similar languages, the nasalized allophone of /l/ is not [n], but .

الاكثر قراءة في Phonology

Minimal pairs and sets

Aspiration

Assimilations

Phones and allophones

Feature geometry

The Sonority Sequencing Generalization

Finding the underlying form

Bukusu: nasal+consonant combinations

The Northern Cities Shift

Major class features

Standard lexical sets

Allophony in other languages

Place of articulation

Natural classes

Dissimilation

اخر الاخبار

اخبار العتبة العباسية المقدسة

المجمع العلمي للقرآن الكريم يصدر الكتاب الثاني من سلسلة يخشى

قسم الشعائر يكرّم أصحاب المواكب المشاركة في إحياء ذكرى شهادة السيدة الزهراء (عليها السلام)

جامعة العميد تستقبل طلبة المراحل الأولى المقبولين ضمن كلياتها للعام الدراسي الجديد

سماحة السيد الصافي يكرّم طلبة حفظ القرآن الكريم المتفوّقين ويؤكّد دور التدبّر في الهداية والتكامل

المزيد

الآخبار الصحية

طبيب يكشف تأثير برودة الشتاء على النوم

دون أن تعلم.. 10 عادات يومية تسرع شيخوخة جسمك

تقرير: النيكوتين خطر على القلب مهما كانت الطريقة

أيهما أفضل لصحتك.. زبدة الفول السوداني أم النوتيلا؟

المزيد

الآخبار التكنلوجية

السعودية تدشن أكبر نظام لتخزين الكهرباء بالبطاريات في العالم !

بأمر تنفيذي.. ترامب يؤكد هدف عودة الأميركيين إلى القمر في عام 2028

بعيدا عن البشر.. "قتال جوي في الفضاء" بين أميركا والصين

كشف مذهل في قاع "برمودا" !

المزيد

مواضيع ذات صلة

Spelling and Pronunciation SUMMARY

American English vs. British English

Morphological Basis of English Spelling

Phoneme–Grapheme Correspondences in English Vowels

Phoneme–Grapheme Correspondences in English Consonants

Spelling and Pronunciation Irregularity of English Spelling

Structural Factors in Second Language Phonology SUMMARY

Perception

Optimality Theory (OT)

Ontogeny Phylogeny Model (OPM)

Markedness

Hypercontrast