Consonants
المؤلف:
Urszula Clark
المصدر:
A Handbook Of Varieties Of English Phonology
الجزء والصفحة:
154-7
2024-03-01
1173
Consonants
Regarding the Black Country, Painter (1963: 31–2) maintains that:
(1) consonants are slightly labialized before stressed THOUGHT, NORTH, FORCE, LOT and GOAT;
(2) consonants are slightly palatalized before stressed FLEECE or GOOSE;
(3) voiced initial and final consonants are usually fully voiced;
(4) final voiceless stops are ejective;
(5) final voiced stops are fully exploded and fully voiced;
(6) in the case of the -ing suffix, BC phrase-final 
contrasts with Bm 
;
(7) intervocalic /r/ = 
;
(8) “linking” /r/ is common;
(9) 
is rare;
(10) BC often evidences the “T-to-R” rule (with /t/ realized as 
especially in intervocalic environments).
Biddulph (1986: 2, 17–18) claims WM accents have so-called doubled or emphatic consonants (apparently geminate obstruents in medial position) – although so far no instances of such a phenomenon have been noted in the research literature or fieldwork data – as well as some aspiration on final plosives for Bm speakers. He claims the emphatic consonants are more prevalent in Birmingham than in the Black Country.
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